Then, the mouth closes and operculum opens, creating a one-way flow of water over the gills, allowing the fish to extract oxygen from the water without body motion. In a process called buccal pumping, water is drawn in through the mouth, or buccal cavity, while the operculum is closed. A bony plate covering their gills, called an operculum, is what allows Osteichthyes to achieve this water movement without swimming. If you have a fish tank at home, you know that bony fish, or members of the superclass Osteichthyes, are able to remain still or rest on the bottom of the tank.
Because fish have gills instead of lungs, they must get their oxygen by taking it out of the water as it passes over their gills.
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